• Ei tuloksia

/DNL ('86.811$19$67$86YS+DOOLWXNVHQHVLW\VODLNVLDMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULVWl

N/A
N/A
Info
Lataa
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Jaa "/DNL ('86.811$19$67$86YS+DOOLWXNVHQHVLW\VODLNVLDMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULVWl"

Copied!
8
0
0

Kokoteksti

(1)

+(YS/L90YS

('86.811$19$67$86YS

+DOOLWXNVHQHVLW\VODLNVLDMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLV WHULVWl

$VLD

+DOOLWXV RQ DQWDQXW HGXVNXQQDOOH HVLW\NVHQVl ODLNVL DMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULVWl +(

YS

9DOLRNXQWDNlVLWWHO\

/LLNHQQHYDOLRNXQWD RQ DQWDQXW DVLDVWD PLHWLQ Q|Q/L90YS

3llW|V

(GXVNXQWDRQK\YlNV\Q\WVHXUDDYDQODLQ

/DNL

DMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULVWl (GXVNXQQDQSllW|NVHQPXNDLVHVWLVllGHWllQ

OXNX

<OHLVHWVllQQ|NVHW

†

$MRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULMDVHQNl\WW|WDUNRLWXV 9DOWDNXQQDOOLVWD DMRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULl MlOMHPSlQl UHNLVWHUL SLGHWllQ OLLNHQQHWXUYDOOL VXXGHQ SDUDQWDPLVHNVL WLHOLLNHQWHHQ DLKHXWWD PLHQ \PSlULVW|KDLWWRMHQ YlKHQWlPLVHNVL VHNl WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YHURWXVWHKWlYLHQ MD DXWRNLLQQLW\N VHQKRLWDPLVHNVL5HNLVWHULlSLWll$MRQHXYRKDO OLQWRNHVNXVMlOMHPSlQlUHNLVWHULQSLWlMl

$MRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHUL RQ DMRQHXYRLVWD VHNl QLLGHQ YHURWXNVHVWD MD NLLQQLW\NVHVWl DMR QHXYRD NXOMHWWDYLVWD PDDNXOMHWXVWHQ WXUYDOOL VXXVQHXYRQDQWDMLVWD MD WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWD

ODLWWHLVVDNl\WHWWlYLVWlNRUWHLVWDSLGHWWlYlUHNLV WHUL5HNLVWHULQSLWlMl VDD Nl\WWll UHNLVWHULl VLOOH ODLQPXNDDQNXXOXYLHQWDLVHQQRMDOODVllGHWW\

MHQ WDL PllUlWW\MHQ WHKWlYLHQ WDL YHOYRLWWHLGHQ KRLWDPLVHVVD

†

6XKGHPXXKXQODLQVllGlQW||Q

-ROOHL WlVVl ODLVVD WRLVLQ VllGHWl UHNLVWHULLQ NXXOXYLHQ WLHWRMHQ VDODVVDSLWRRQ MD QLLGHQ OXR YXWWDPLVHHQ VRYHOOHWDDQ YLUDQRPDLVWHQ WRLPLQ QDQ MXONLVXXGHVWD DQQHWWXD ODNLD MD PXXKXQ KHQNLO|WLHWRMHQ NlVLWWHO\\Q KHQNLO|WLH WRODNLD

(2)

OXNX

5HNLVWHULQWLHWRVLVlOW|

† 5HNLVWHU|LG\W

5HNLVWHULLQVDDWDOOHWWDDWLHWRMDOXRQQROOLVLVWD KHQNLO|LVWlMDRLNHXVKHQNLO|LVWlMRWNDRYDW

DMRQHXYRQ RPLVWDMLD WDL KDOWLMRLWD WDLNND MRLOOD RQ DMRQHXYRQ WLODSlLQHQ Nl\WW|RLNHXV WDL MRWND RYDW DXWRNLLQQLW\NVHQ KDNLMRLWD WDL DXWR NLLQQLW\VODLVVDWDUNRLWHWXQUDKDPll UlLVHQNLUMDOOLVHQVLWRXPXNVHQDQWDMLDWDLRYDWRW WDQHHWVLWRXPXNVHQYDVWDWWDYDNVHHQWDLNNDRYDW VLWRXPXNVHQKDOWLMRLWD

KDNHQHHW WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDODLWWHLVWD DQQHWXQ QHXYRVWRQ DVHWXNVHQ (7< 1R PXNDLVWD NXOMHWWDMD NRUMDDPR YDO YRQWD WDL \ULW\VNRUWWLD WDL MRLOOD RQ WlOODLQHQ NRUWWL

5HNLVWHULLQ VDD WDOOHWWDD OLVlNVL WLHWRMD OXRQ QROOLVLVWDKHQNLO|LVWl

MRWNDRYDWKDNHQHHWDMRNRUWWLOXSDDWDLMRLO ODRQDMRNRUWWLOXSDDMRNRUWWLWDLDMRRLNHXV

MRWNDRYDWLOPRLWWDXWXQHHW$'5DMROXSDNR NHHVHHQ WDL MRLOODRQ $'5DMROXSD WDLNND MRWND RYDW LOPRLWWDXWXQHHW PDDNXOMHWXVWHQ WXUYDOOL VXXVQHXYRQDQWDMDQ NRNHHVHHQ WDL MRWND RYDW PDDNXOMHWXVWHQWXUYDOOLVXXVQHXYRQDQWDMLD

MRLGHQ HSlLOOllQ V\\OOLVW\QHHQ WDL MRWND RYDWV\\OOLVW\QHHWVHOODLVHHQULNRNVHHQPRRWWRUL Nl\WW|LVWlDMRQHXYRDNXOMHWWDHVVDDQMROODRQYDL NXWXVWDDMRRLNHXWHHQ

MRLOOD RQ KHQNLO|DXWRQ DPPDWWLDMROXSD WDL OLLNHQQHRSHWWDMDOXSD

MRLOODRQYDPPDLVHQS\VlN|LQWLOXSD

†

5HNLVWHULLQWDOOHWHWWDYDWSHUXVWLHGRW 5HNLVWHULLQVDDWDOOHWWDDSHUXVWLHWRLQD OXRQQROOLVLVWD KHQNLO|LVWl QLPHQ KHQNLO|

WXQQXNVHQ WDLNND KHQNLO|WXQQXNVHQ SXXWWXHVVD WLHGRQ V\QW\PlDMDVWD WLHGRQ V\QW\PlNRWLNXQ QDVWDMDV\QW\PlYDOWLRVWDVHNlPXLQDSHUXVWLH

WRLQDRVRLWHMDPXXQ\KWH\VWLHGRQWLHGRQNRWL NXQQDVWDlLGLQ WDLDVLRLQWLNLHOHVWl MD KHQNLO|Q NXROHPDVWDVDPRLQNXLQWLHGRQVLLWlHWWlDMRQHX YRQRPLVWDMDWDLKDOWLMDRQOXRQQROOLQHQKHQNLO|

†QPRPHQWLQNRKGDVVDMDVDQRWXQS\NlOlQ PRPHQWLQMDNRKGDVVDWDUNRLWHWXLVWDKHQNL O|LVWlVDDOLVlNVLWDOOHWWDDYDORNXYDQMDQLPLNLU MRLWXVQl\WWHHQ

RLNHXVKHQNLO|LVWl\ULW\VMD\KWHLV|WXQQXN VHQ\KWH\VWLHGRWVHNlWLHGRQDVLRLQWLNLHOHVWl

†

/XRQQROOLVLVWDKHQNLO|LVWlWDOOHWHWWDYDWPXXW WLHGRW

/XRQQROOLVLVWD KHQNLO|LVWl VDD SHUXVWLHWRMHQ OLVlNVL WDOOHWWDD UHNLVWHULQ Nl\WW|WDUNRLWXNVHQ NDQQDOWDWDUSHHOOLVLDWLHWRMD

DMRNRUWWLOXYDQ DMRNRUWLQ MD DMRRLNHXGHQ P\|QWlPLVHVWl ODMLVWD MD OXRNDVWD VHNl PXLWD YDVWDDYLDWLHWRMD

$'5DMROXYDQP\|QWlPLVHVWlMDYDDUDOOLV WHQDLQHLGHQPDDNXOMHWXVWHQWXUYDOOLVXXVQHXYRQ DQWDMDQ WXWNLQQRQ ODMLVWD VHNl PXLWD YDVWDDYLD WLHWRMD

NXOMHWWDMDRSHWXNVHVWD MD NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQ QRVWD

WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDODLWWHLVWD DQQHWXQ QHXYRVWRQDVHWXNVHQPXNDLVWHQNXOMHWWDMDNRU MDDPR YDOYRQWD MD \ULW\VNRUWWLHQ P\|QWlPL VHVWlVHNlPXLWDYDVWDDYLDWLHWRMD

MlOMHPSlQl †VVl WDUNRLWHWXVWD WLHWRMHQ OXRYXWWDPLVHQUDMRLWWDPLVHVWD

KHQNLO|DXWRQDPPDWWLDMROXYDQMDOLLNHQQH RSHWWDMDOXYDQP\|QWlPLVHVWl

ODNLVllWHLVLVWl PDNVXLVWD MD YHURLVWD VHNl QLLGHQVXRULWWDPLVHVWD

NRQNXUVVLVWD YHONDMlUMHVWHO\VWl WDL \ULW\V VDQHHUDXNVHVWDMDDMRQHXYRQXORVRWRVWD

DMRQHXYRQ KDOWLMDQ KDOOLQWDRLNHXGHQ ODD GXVWD

(GHOOl PRPHQWLVVD WDUNRLWHWXLVWD WLHGRLVWD VllGHWllQ WDUYLWWDHVVD WDUNHPPLQ YDOWLRQHXYRV WRQDVHWXNVHOOD

(3)

†

$UNDOXRQWHLVWHQWLHWRMHQWDOOHWWDPLQHQ 5HNLVWHULLQVDDVHQOLVlNVLPLWlMD†VVl VllGHWllQWDOOHWWDD

DMRNRUWWLOXYDQKDNLMDVWDDMRRLNHXGHQKDO WLMDVWDVHNlDMRRLNHXWWDYDLOODROHYDVWDKHQNLO|V WlDMRRLNHXWWDNRVNHYDDSllW|NVHQWHNRDMDYDO YRQWDDYDUWHQKlQHQWHUYH\GHQWLODDQVDNRVNHYDW WDUSHHOOLVHWWLHGRW

WDUSHHOOLVHWWLHGRWYDPPDLVHQS\VlN|LQWLOX YDVWD DMRQHXYRYHURQ YDSDXWXNVHVWD MD DXWRYH URQSDODXWXNVHVWD

DMRRLNHXWWD NRVNHYDD SllW|NVHQWHNRD MD YDOYRQWDDYDUWHQPRRWWRULNl\WW|LVWlWDLKLQDWWD YDD DMRQHXYRD NXOMHWHWWDHVVD WHKW\Ml ULNRNVLD QLLVWlVHXUDQQHLWDUDQJDLVWXNVLDMDKDOOLQQROOLVLD WDLPXLWDVHXUDDPXNVLDNRVNHYDWWLHGRWVHNlDMR NLHOWRRQPllUllPLVWlDMRNRUWWLOXYDQWDLDMRNRU WLQVDDPLVHQHVWHLWl$'5DMROXYDQMDPXXQOX YDQSHUXXWWDPLVWDDMRRLNHXGHQUDXNHDPLVWDMD YDURLWXNVHQDQWDPLVWDVHNlQLLGHQSHUXVWDQDROH YDDWHNRDWDLHSlLOW\lWHNRDNRVNHYDWWLHGRW

†

5HNLVWHULLQWDOOHWHWWDYDWPXXWWLHGRW 5HNLVWHULLQ VDD WDOOHWWDD VHQ Nl\WW|WDUNRLWXN VHQHGHOO\WWlPLlDMRQHXYRRQOLLWW\YLlWLHWRMDVHX UDDYDVWL

WHNQLVHWWLHGRWMD\NVLO|LQWLWLHGRW

NDWVDVWXV MD K\YlNV\QWlWLHGRW VHNl PXLWD WHNQLVLlWDUNDVWXNVLDNRVNHYDWWLHGRW

UHNLVWHU|LQWLLQYDNXXWXNVLLQNl\WW|WDUNRL WXNVHHQMDWLODSlLVHHQNl\WW||QOLLWW\YlWWLHGRW

NLLQQLW\VWLHGRW

YHURWXVMDXORVRWWRWLHGRW

(GHOOl PRPHQWLVVD WDUNRLWHWXLVWD WLHGRLVWD VllGHWllQ WDUYLWWDHVVD WDUNHPPLQ YDOWLRQHXYRV WRQDVHWXNVHOOD

†

5HNLVWHULWLHWRMHQNRUMDDPLQHQ

$MRQHXYRRQ OLLWW\YLHQ WLHWRMHQ PXXWRVRLNHX GHVWD VllGHWllQ DMRQHXYRODLQ

†VVl 0XXWRLQ UHNLVWHULVVl ROHYLHQ WLHWRMHQ NRUMDDPLVHHQ VRYHOOHWDDQ PLWl KHQNLO|WLHWRODLQ

†VVlVllGHWllQ

9LUKHHOOLVHNVLWRGHWWXWLHWRRQPHUNLWWlYlYLU KHHOOLVHNVLMDWLHGRQVDDVlLO\WWllYLLGHQYXRGHQ DMDQYLUKHHQKDYDLWVHPLVHVWDMRVVHRQWDUSHHQ UHNLVWHU|LG\QPXXQDVLDQRVDLVHQWDLUHNLVWHULQ SLWlMlQ RLNHXNVLHQ WXUYDDPLVHNVL 7lOODLVWD WLH WRDVDDNl\WWllDLQRDVWDDQQlLGHQRLNHXNVLHQWXU YDDPLVHQWDUNRLWXNVHVVD

†

+HQNLO|WLHWRMHQSRLVWDPLQHQUHNLVWHULVWl +HQNLO|WLHGRW SRLVWHWDDQ UHNLVWHULVWl VHXUDD YDVWL

WLHOLLNHQQHODLQ †Q PR PHQWLVVD WDUNRLWHWWXMD ULNRNVLD NRVNHYDW WLHGRW N\PPHQHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDVLLWlNXQQLLWlNRV NHYD SllW|V RQ VDDQXW ODLQYRLPDQ \NVLWWlLVWl UDQJDLVWXVWDNRVNHYDDN\PPHQHQYXRWWDUHNLVWH ULVVl ROOXWWD WLHWRD HL NXLWHQNDDQ SRLVWHWD MRV KHQNLO|VWlRQUHNLVWHULVVlVHOODLQHQWLHWRMRWDHL HGHOOlVDQRWXQQRMDOODYLHOlYRLGDSRLVWDD

PXLWDNXLQNRKGDVVDWDUNRLWHWWXMDULNRN VLD NRVNHYDW WLHGRW MD SROLLVLQ KDOOLQQROOLVHOOD SllW|NVHOOl PllUllPLl VHXUDDPXNVLD NRVNHYDW WLHGRWMRVQHHLYlWOLLW\NRKGDVVDWDUNRLWHWWXXQ ULNRNVHHQYLLGHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDVLLWlNXQQLL WlNRVNHYDSllW|VRQVDDQXWODLQYRLPDQ

HSlLOW\lKHQNLO|lNRVNHYDWULNRVWLHGRWNXQ KHQNLO|RQODLQYRLPDLVHOODSllW|NVHOOlYDSDXWHW WX V\\WWHHVWl WDL NXQ V\\WHRLNHXV HSlLOO\VWl UL NRNVHVWDRQYDQKHQWXQXW

UHNLVWHU|LG\Q WHUYH\GHQWLODD NRVNHYDW WLH GRWYLLGHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDQLLGHQWDOOHWWDPLVHV WD UHNLVWHU|LG\Q YDORNXYD MD QLPLNLUMRLWXV N\PPHQHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDDMRWDLPXXQNRUWLQ WLODDPLVHVWD

P\|QQHWW\LKLQOXSLLQMDNRUWWHLKLQOLLWW\YlW WLHGRWYLLGHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDN\VHLVHQOXYDQWDL NRUWLQ YRLPDVVDRORQ SllWW\PLVHVWl WDL YXRGHQ NXOXWWXDUHNLVWHU|LG\QNXROHPDVWD

-RVSROLLVLRQPRPHQWLQNRKGDVVDWDUNRL WHWXLVVDWDSDXNVLVVDWHKQ\WDMRRLNHXWWDWDLDMROX SDD NRVNHYDQ KDOOLQQROOLVHQ SllW|NVHQ WLHGRW

(4)

HSlLOO\VWl ULNRNVHVWD SRLVWHWDDQ YLLGHQ YXRGHQ NXOXWWXDVLLWlNXQSllW|VRQVDDQXWODLQYRLPDQ

†

$MRQHXYRRQOLLWW\YLHQKHQNLO|WLHWRMHQSRLVWD PLQHQ

$MRQHXYRRQOLLWW\YlWKHQNLO|WLHGRWSRLVWHWDDQ UHNLVWHULVWlN\PPHQHQYXRGHQNXOXWWXDVHQYXR GHQ SllWW\PLVHVWl MRQND DLNDQD DMRQHXYR RQ SRLVWHWWXUHNLVWHULVWlORSXOOLVHVWL

OXNX

5HNLVWHULQSLWlMlQWLHGRQVDDQWLRLNHXGHW

†

2LNHXVWLHWRMHQVDDQWLLQYLUDQRPDLVLOWD 5HNLVWHULQSLWlMlOOlRQVHQHVWlPlWWlPLWlWLH WRMHQVDODVVDSLGRVWDVllGHWllQRLNHXVVDDGDWLH WRMDVHXUDDYDVWL

YlHVW|WLHWRMlUMHVWHOPlVWl WLHGRW KHQNLO|Q QLPHVWl KHQNLO|WXQQXNVHVWD RVRLWWHHVWD NRWL NXQQDVWD V\QW\PlNRWLNXQQDVWD V\QW\PlYDO WLRVWDlLGLQWDLDVLRLQWLNLHOHVWlMDKHQNLO|QNXR OHPDVWD VHNl WLHGRW YlHVW|WLHWRODLQ †QPRPHQWLVVDWDUNRLWHWXVWDOXRYXWXVUDMRL WXNVHVWD

3DWHQWWLMDUHNLVWHULKDOOLWXNVHQMD9HURKDO OLWXNVHQ\OOlSLWlPlVWl\ULW\VMD\KWHLV|WLHWRMlU MHVWHOPlVWl †Q NRKGDVVD WDUNRLWHWXW WLHGRW RLNHXVKHQNLO|VWl

RLNHXVKDOOLQQROWD WLHGRW PRRWWRULNl\WW|LV Wl WDL KLQDWWDYDD DMRQHXYRD NXOMHWHWWDHVVD WHK G\LVWl ULNRNVLVWD MD QLLVWl VHXUDQQHLVWD UDQJDLV WXNVLVWD MD PXLVWD VHXUDDPXNVLVWD VHNl WLHGRW PDNVXN\Y\WW|P\\VPHQHWWHO\LVWl

XORVRWWRYLUDQRPDLVHOWD WLHGRW DMRQHXYRQ XORVRWRVWD

SROLLVLOWDWLHWRPRRWWRULNl\WW|LVHQWDLKLQDW WDYDQDMRQHXYRQDQDVWXNVHVWDVHNlDMRRLNHXWWD MD VLLKHQ OLLWW\Yll KDNHPXVWD DMRNRUWWLOXSDD RSHWXVOXSDD KDUMRLWXVOXSDD OLLNHQQHRSHWWDMDOX SDDKHQNLO|DXWRQDPPDWWLDMROXSDDYDPPDLVHQ S\VlN|LQWLOXSDD DMRNRUWWHMD DMRNRUWWLOXYDQ WDL

DMRNRUWLQVDDPLVHQHVWHLWlDMRNLHOWRMDMDQLLGHQ SHUXVWHLWD $'5DMROXYDQ SHUXXWWDPLVWD DMR RLNHXWHHQVHNlDMRNRUWWLOXSDDQMDPXLKLQOXSLLQ OLLWW\YLl KDOOLQQROOLVLD VHXUDDPXNVLD NRVNHYDW WLHGRW VHNl WlVVl PDLQLWWXMHQ DMRNRUWWLHQ MD OX SLHQOXRYXWWDPLVWDMDKDOWXXQRWWRDNRVNHYDWWLH GRW SXROXVWXVYRLPLOWD WLHGRW SXROXVWXVYRL PLHQDMRNRUWHLVWD

WXOOLODLWRNVHOWD VHQ P\|QWlPll DMRQHXYRQ VLLUWROXSDDMDOXYDQDLNDQDYRLPDVVDROHYDDOLL NHQQHYDNXXWXVWDNRVNHYDWWLHGRW

OllQLQKDOOLWXNVHOWD OLLNHQQHOXSDWLHGRW MD DXWRNRXOXOXSDWLHGRW

7LHGRW WRLPLWHWDDQ WHNQLVHQ Nl\WW|\KWH\GHQ DYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVVlPXRGRVVD

†

2LNHXVWLHWRMHQVDDQWLLQPXLOWDNXLQYLUDQ RPDLVLOWD

5HNLVWHULQSLWlMlOOlRQVHQHVWlPlWWlPLWlWLH WRMHQ VDODVVDSLGRVWD VllGHWllQ RLNHXV VDDGD PXLOWDNXLQYLUDQRPDLVLOWDWLHWRMDVHXUDDYDVWL

DMRQHXYRQ YDOPLVWDMDOWD WDL PDDKDQWXRMDO WD DMRQHXYRMHQ K\YlNV\QWlWLHWRMD MD NXOXWWDMDQ VXRMDODLQ QRMDOOD VllGHWW\Ml WLHWRMD SROWWRDLQHHQ NXOXWXNVHVWD MD KLLOLGLRNVLGLSllV W|LVWl

OLLNHQQHYDNXXWXVNHVNXNVHOWD MD OLLNHQQH YDNXXWXV\KWL|OWl U\KPlOLLNHQQHYDNXXWXVWD OLL NHQQHYDNXXWXNVHQ PDNVXQ ODLPLQO\|QWLl VHNl DMRQHXYRQVHLVRQWDDLNDDNRVNHYDWWLHGRW

NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQWRMHQYDVWDDQRWWDMDOWDNXO MHWWDMDRSHWXVWD NXOMHWWDMDRSHWXNVHQ YDOYRQWDD NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQWRDMDPXLWDNRNHLWDVHNlWXWNLQ WRWRGLVWXVWDMDDMRNRUWWLDMDQLLGHQOXRYXWWDPLVWD VDPRLQ NXLQ $'5DMROXSDD MD DMROXSDNRHWWD NRVNHYDWWLHGRW

NDWVDVWXNVHQVXRULWWDMDOWDMDVRSLPXVUHNLV WHU|LMlOWlNDWVDVWXVMDUHNLVWHU|LQWLWHKWlYLlNRV NHYLDWLHWRMD

WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDODLWWHLVWD DQQHWXQ QHXYRVWRQDVHWXNVHQPXNDLVWHQNXOMHWWDMDNRU MDDPRYDOYRQWDMD\ULW\VNRUWWLHQNlVLWWHOLMlOWl QlLWlNRUWWHMDNRVNHYLDWLHWRMD

(5)

DMRNRUWLQYDOPLVWDMDOWDDMRNRUWLQYDOPLVWD

PLVHHQMDWRLPLWWDPLVHHQOLLWW\YLlWLHWRMD 7LHGRW WRLPLWHWDDQ WHNQLVHQ Nl\WW|\KWH\GHQ DYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVVlPXRGRVVD

OXNX

7LHWRMHQMXONLVXXVMDQLLGHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQ

†

7LHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLVHQ\OHLVHWHGHOO\W\NVHW 7LHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLVHVWDSllWWllUHNLVWHULQSL WlMl7LHWRDHLVDDOXRYXWWDDMRVOXRYXWWDPLVHQYRL GDDQSHUXVWHOOXVWDV\\VWlHSlLOOlYDDUDQWDYDQUH NLVWHU|LG\Q\NVLW\LV\\GHQVXRMDDKlQHQHWXMDDQ WDL RLNHXNVLDDQ WDLNND YDOWLRQ WXUYDOOLVXXWWD 0XLGHQNXLQ\NVLWWlLQOXRYXWHWWDYLHQWLHWRMHQMD WLODVWRWLHWRMHQ WDOOHWWDPLVHHQ OXRYXWXNVHQVDDMDQ WLHWRMlUMHVWHOPllQYDDGLWDDQUHNLVWHULQSLWlMlQOX SD

†

<NVLWWlLVWHQMXONLVWHQWLHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQ 6HQOLVlNVLPLWlYLUDQRPDLVWHQWRLPLQQDQMXO NLVXXGHVWDDQQHWXVVDODLVVDVllGHWllQMRNDLVHO ODRQRLNHXV\NVLWWlLVOXRYXWXNVHQDVDDGDWLHWRWDL NRSLRUHNLVWHULLQWDOOHWHWXLVWDMXONLVLVWDWLHGRLVWD VHXUDDYDVWL

DMRQHXYRQUHNLVWHULWXQQXNVHQWDLYDOPLVWH QXPHURQSHUXVWHHOODUHNLVWHULLQWDOOHWHWXLVWDDMR QHXYRLVWDMDQLLGHQYHURWXNVHVWDNLLQQLW\NVHVWl DMRQHXYRQ RPLVWDMDQ MD KDOWLMDQ QLPHVWl VHNl RVRLWHMD\KWH\VWLHGRLVWD

KHQNLO|WXQQXNVHQSHUXVWHHOODDMRNRUWWLOXR NDVWDMDDMRNRUWLQP\|QWlPLVDMDQNRKGDVWD

7LHGRWYRLGDDQOlKHWWllP\|VWHNQLVHQNl\W W|\KWH\GHQDYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVWL

†

-XONLVWHQWLHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQVlKN|LVHVVl PXRGRVVD

5HNLVWHULLQWDOOHWHWWXMDKHQNLO|WLHWRMDMDPXLWD WLHWRMD VDD OXRYXWWDD WHNQLVHQ Nl\WW|\KWH\GHQ DYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVWL

YLUDQRPDLVLOOHODLVVDWDLVHQQRMDOODVllGHW W\MHQWDLPllUlWW\MHQWHKWlYLHQWDLYHOYRLWWHLGHQ KRLWDPLVHNVL

OLLNHQQHYDNXXWXVNHVNXNVHOOH OLLNHQQHYD NXXWXVODLQ PXNDLVHQ K\YLNNHHQ PllUllPLVWl OLLNHQQHYDNXXWXNVHQ MD NRUYDXV MlUMHVWHOPlQKRLWDPLVWDVHNlWLHOLLNHQWHHQRQQHW WRPXXVUHNLVWHULQ\OOlSLWRDYDUWHQMDOLLNHQQHYD NXXWXV\KWL|LOOH MD 9DOWLRNRQWWRULOOH OLLNHQQHYD NXXWXNVHQ MD NRUYDXVMlUMHVWHOPlQ KRLWDPLVWD YDUWHQ

OLLNHQQHRQQHWWRPXXNVLHQ WXWNLMDODXWDNXQ QLOOHOLLNHQQHRQQHWWRPXXNVLHQWXWNLQWDDYDUWHQ

NDWVDVWXNVHQVXRULWWDMDOOHODLVVDWDLVHQQR MDOODVllGHWW\MlDMRQHXYRLKLQOLLWW\YLlNDWVDVWXV WHKWlYLlYDUWHQ

VRSLPXVUHNLVWHU|LMlOOH ODLVVD VllGHWW\Ml DMRQHXYRLKLQ OLLWW\YLl UHNLVWHU|LQWLWHKWlYLl YDU WHQ NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQQRQ YDVWDDQRWWDMDOOH ODLV VDWDLVHQQRMDOODVllGHWW\MlNXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQWR WHKWlYLl NXOMHWWDMDRSHWXNVHQ YDOYRQWD MD DMR NRUWWLWHKWlYLl $'5DMROXSD MD DMROXSDNRH DVLRLWD VHNl $'5DMROXSDNRXOXWXNVHQ YDOYRQ WDDYDUWHQ

WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDODLWWHHQ NRUWWLHQ Nl VLWWHOLM|LOOHNRUWWLHQNlVLWWHO\lYDUWHQ

$KYHQDQPDDQPDDNXQQDQWDL(XURRSDQWD ORXVDOXHHVWDWHKW\\QVRSLPXNVHHQOLLWW\QHHQYDO WLRQMlOMHPSlQl(7$YDOWLRUHNLVWHULYLUDQRPDL VLOOHDMRQHXYRMHQMDDMRNRUWWLHQUHNLVWHU|LQWLWHK WlYLHQYDOYRQWDWRLPLHQMDOXRYXWWDPLVHHQOLLWW\

YLHQ WRLPHQSLWHLGHQ VXRULWWDPLVHNVL $KYHQDQ PDDQPDDNXQQDVVDMDN\VHLVLVVlYDOWLRLVVD

(7$YDOWLRQYLUDQRPDLVLOOH(XURRSDQ\K WHLV|MHQ NRPLVVLROOH MD NDQVDLQYlOLVLVVl VRSL PXNVLVVD WDUNRLWHWXLOOH YLUDQRPDLVLOOH \KWHLV|Q ODLQVllGlQQ|VWlWDL6XRPHDVLWRYLVWDNDQVDLQYl OLVLVWlVRSLPXNVLVWDMRKWXYLHQYHOYRLWWHLGHQKRL WDPLVWDYDUWHQ

(6)

/XRYXWXNVHQVDDMDQRQHQQHQWLHWRMHQOXRYXW WDPLVWDHVLWHWWlYlVHOYLW\VWLHWRMHQVXRMDDPLVHV WD/XRYXWXNVHQVDDMDVDDOXRYXWWDDHGHOOHHQVlK N|LVHVVl PXRGRVVD VDDPLDDQ WLHWRMD DLQRDVWDDQ ODLVVDVllGHWW\MHQWHKWlYLHQKRLWDPLVHNVL

†

7LHWRMHQHGHOOHHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQ

7LHWRMDHLVDDOXRYXWWDDHGHOOHHQNROPDQQHOOH LOPDQDVLDQPXNDLVWDOXSDD7lPlNLHOWRHLNRV NH \NVLWWlLQ OXRYXWHWWXD WLHWRD 9LUDQRPDLVLOOD RQRLNHXVWLHWRMHQHGHOOHHQOXRYXWWDPLVHHQMRV OXRYXWWDPLQHQSHUXVWXXODNLLQ6XRPHDVLWRYDQ NDQVDLQYlOLVHQ VRSLPXNVHQ YHOYRLWWHHVHHQ WDL (XURRSDQ\KWHLV|QODLQVllGlQW||Q3ROLLVLOODRQ OLVlNVLRLNHXVOXRYXWWDDHGHOOHHQWLHWRMDDMRRL NHXGHVWDDMRNRUWHLVWDPRRWWRULNl\WW|LVWlWDLKL QDWWDYDD DMRQHXYRD NXOMHWHWWDHVVD WHKG\NVL HSlLOO\LVWlWDLWHKG\LVWlULNRNVLVWDDMRNLHOORLVWD MDDMRQHXYRLVWDWRLVHQYDOWLRQSROLLVLMDRLNHXV YLUDQRPDLVLOOH VHNl NDQVDLQYlOLVWl ULNRVWRUMXQ WDDVXRULWWDYLOOHYLUDQRPDLVMlUMHVW|LOOH

†

6DODVVDSLGHWWlYlWWLHGRWMDQLLGHQOXRYXWWD PLQHQ

(GHOOl †VVl WDUNRLWHWXW DUNDOXRQWHLVHW WLH GRWVHNlKHQNLO|QYDORNXYDMDQLPLNLUMRLWXVQl\

WHRQSLGHWWlYlVDODVVDMROOHLYLUDQRPDLVWHQWRL PLQQDQMXONLVXXGHVWDDQQHWXQODLQ†VWlPXX WDMRKGX

5HNLVWHULLQ WDOOHWHWXQ VDODVVD SLGHWWlYlQ WLH GRQVDDVDODVVDSLWRVllQQ|VWHQHVWlPlWWlOXRYXW WDD SROLLVLOOH MD PXXOOH HVLWXWNLQWDYLUDQRPDL VHOOHMDV\\WWlMlOOHULNRNVHQVHOYLWWlPLVWlMDV\\W WHHVHHQSDQRDYDUWHQ

SROLLVLOOH MD SXROXVWXVYRLPLOOH DMRNRUWWL DVLRLGHQNlVLWWHO\lYDUWHQ

WXRPLRLVWXLPHOOH DMRRLNHXWHHQ OLLWW\YLHQ DVLRLGHQNlVLWWHO\lYDUWHQ

OLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDD VXRULWWDYLOOH YLUDQ RPDLVLOOH

S\VlN|LQQLQYDOYRQWDDVXRULWWDYDOOHYLUDQ RPDLVHOOHWLHGRQYDPPDLVHQS\VlN|LQWLOXYDVWD OLLNHQQHOXSDYLUDQRPDLVHOOH WHKW\l ULNRVWD MD VLLWl VHXUDQQHLWD UDQJDLVWXNVLD MD PXLWD VHX UDDPXNVLD NRVNHYDW WLHGRW OLLNHQQHOXSDDVLRL GHQNlVLWWHO\lYDUWHQ

DXWRNRXOXOXSDYLUDQRPDLVHOOHWHKW\lULNRV WDMDVLLWlVHXUDQQHLWDUDQJDLVWXNVLDMDPXLWDVHX UDDPXNVLDNRVNHYDWWLHGRWDXWRNRXOXOXSDDVLRL GHQNlVLWWHO\lYDUWHQ

NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQQRQYDVWDDQRWWDMDOOH YDOR NXYDQ KHQNLO|Q WXQQLVWDPLVWD YDUWHQ WLHWRMD KHQNLO|QWHUYH\GHQWLODVWDWXWNLQQRQVXRULWWDPLV WDYDUWHQWLHGRQDMRNLHOORVWDDMRNRNHPXNVHQWDU NLVWDPLVWD MD $'5DMROXYDQ OXRYXWWDPLVWD YDU WHQVHNlWLHGRQDMRNRUWLQVDDPLVHQHVWHHVWl

WLHOLLNHQWHHQ YDOYRQWDODLWWHHQ NRUWWLHQ Nl VLWWHOLMlOOH KHQNLO|Q YDORNXYDQ NRUWWLHQ NlVLWWH O\lYDUWHQ

OLLNHQQHRQQHWWRPXXNVLHQ WXWNLMDODXWD NXQQDOOHOLLNHQQHRQQHWWRPXXNVLHQWXWNLQWDDYDU WHQWDUSHHOOLVHWWLHGRW

$KYHQDQPDDQPDDNXQQDQMDWRLVHQ(7$

YDOWLRQDMRQHXYRMHQWDLDMRNRUWWLHQUHNLVWHU|LQWL WHKWlYLlKRLWDYDOOHWDLQLLKLQ OLLWW\YLl YDOYRQWD WHKWlYLl KRLWDYDOOH YLUDQRPDLVHOOH DMRQHXYRMHQ MD DMRNRUWWLHQ UHNLVWHU|LQWLWHKWlYLHQ YDOYRQWD WRLPLHQMDOXRYXWWDPLVHHQOLLWW\YLHQWRLPHQSLWHL GHQVXRULWWDPLVHNVLWDUSHHOOLVHWWLHGRW

7LHGRWVDDPRPHQWLQ²MDNRKGDVVD WDUNRLWHWXLVVDWDSDXNVLVVDOXRYXWWDDP\|VWHNQL VHQ Nl\WW|\KWH\GHQ DYXOOD WDL PXXWRLQ VlKN|L VHVWL/XRYXWXNVHQVDDMDQRQHQQHQWLHWRMHQOXR YXWWDPLVWDHVLWHWWlYlVHOYLW\VWLHWRMHQVXRMDDPL VHVWD

†

7LHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQXONRPDLOOH 5HNLVWHULQSLWlMlVDDSHUXVWHOOXVWDV\\VWlOXR YXWWDD \NVLWWlLVOXRYXWXNVHQD UHNLVWHULVWl WLHWRMD YLUDQRPDLVLOOH MD YLUDQRPDLVWHKWlYLHQ VXRULWWD PLVWDYDUWHQ(XURRSDQWDORXVDOXHHQXONRSXROHO OHMRVKHQNLO|WLHWRODLQDWDL†VVlWLHWR MHQOXRYXWWDPLVHOOHDVHWHWXWHGHOO\W\NVHWWl\WW\

YlW

(7)

7LHGRWYRLGDDQOlKHWWllP\|VWHNQLVHQNl\W

W|\KWH\GHQDYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVVlPXR GRVVD

†

7LHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLQHQPXXKXQNl\WW|WDUNRL WXNVHHQ

6HQHVWlPlWWlPLWlYLUDQRPDLVWHQWRLPLQQDQ MXONLVXXGHVWDDQQHWXQODLQ†QPRPHQWLVVD VllGHWllQUHNLVWHULVWlVDDOXRYXWWDDWLHWRMD

OXRQQROOLVHQKHQNLO|QQLPHVWlMDRVRLWWHHV WDWDLPXLVWD\KWH\VWLHGRLVWDPLHOLSLGHMDPDUN NLQDWXWNLPXNVHHQ VXRUDPDUNNLQRLQWLLQ VHNl PXXKXQRVRLWHMDWLHWRSDOYHOXXQ

DVLDNDVUHNLVWHULQ\KWH\VWLHWRMHQMDDMRQHX YRQWLHWRMHQSlLYLWWlPLVHHQ

WLODVWRLQWLDKLVWRULDOOLVWDWDLWLHWHHOOLVWlWXW NLPXVWDMD VLLKHQ YHUUDWWDYDDPXXWD WXWNLPXVWD YDUWHQ MRV KHQNLO|WLHWRODLVVD QlLKLQ WDUNRLWXN VLLQVllGHW\WHGHOO\W\NVHWWl\WW\YlWMDWLODVWRWLH WRMD PXLKLQ UHNLVWHULQSLWlMlQ K\YlNV\PLLQ WDU NRLWXNVLLQ

(GHOOl PRPHQWLVVD WDUNRLWHWXW WLHGRW YRL GDDQ OlKHWWll P\|V WHNQLVHQ Nl\WW|\KWH\GHQ DYXOODWDLPXXWRLQVlKN|LVHVVlPXRGRVVD

/XRQQROOLVHQ KHQNLO|Q WLHWRMHQ OXRYXWWDPL QHQPRPHQWLQMDNRKGDQSHUXVWHHOODRQ VDOOLWWXD DLQRDVWDDQ MRV WRLPLQWD MRKRQ WLHWRMD S\\GHWllQ OXRYXWHWWDYDNVL OLLWW\\ OLLNHQQHWXU YDOOLVXXWHHQ DMRQHXYRLKLQ DMRQHXYROLLNHQWHH VHHQ WDL VHQ DLKHXWWDPLLQ \PSlULVW|KDLWWRLKLQ WDLNNDDMRQHXYRQNXOMHWWDPLVHHQ

+HQNLO|WLHWRMHQRWDQWDSHUXVWHHQDWLHWRMDPLH OLSLGH MD PDUNNLQDWXWNLPXNVHHQ VXRUDPDUNNL QRLQWLLQMDPXXKXQRVRLWHMDWLHWRSDOYHOXXQOXR YXWHWWDHVVD VDD Nl\WWll KHQNLO|Q RVRLWHWWD WDL PXXWD\KWH\VWLHWRDNRWLNXQWDDLNllVXNXSXRO WD lLGLQ WDL DVLRLQWLNLHOWl DMRNRUWWLOXRNNDD MD VHQ P\|QWlPLVDMDQNRKWDD MD DMRQHXYRRQ OLLWW\

Yll WLHWRD VHNl OLVlNVL \KWl KHQNLO||Q OLLWW\Yll WXQQLVWHWLHWRD $MRQHXYRRQ OLLWW\YLVWl WLHGRLVWD RWDQWDSHUXVWHHQD VllGHWllQ WDUNHPPLQ YDOWLR QHXYRVWRQDVHWXNVHOOD

†

7LHWRMHQOXRYXWWDPLVHQPXXWUDMRLWXNVHW +HQNLO|OOl RQ VHQ OLVlNVL PLWl KHQNLO|WLHWR ODLQ†VVlVllGHWllQRLNHXVNLHOWllRVRLWHMD PXLGHQ \KWH\VWLHWRMHQVD OXRYXWWDPLQHQ RVRLWH SDOYHOXQDPXXKXQNXLQYLUDQRPDLVHQOLLNHQQH YDNXXWXVNHVNXNVHQOLLNHQQHYDNXXWXV\KWL|QOLL NHQQHRQQHWWRPXXNVLHQ WXWNLMDODXWDNXQQDQ NDW VDVWXNVHQ VXRULWWDMDQ NXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQQRQ YDV WDDQRWWDMDQWDLVRSLPXVUHNLVWHU|LMlQNl\WW||QWDL PXXKXQODLVVDVllGHWW\\QNl\WW||Q

-RVKHQNLO|OOlRQSHUXVWHOWXDV\\WlHSlLOOlLW VHQVlWDLSHUKHHQVlWHUYH\GHQWDLWXUYDOOLVXXGHQ WXOHYDQXKDWXNVLUHNLVWHULQSLWlMlYRLNLUMDOOLVHV WDS\\QQ|VWlSllWWllHWWHLKlQWlNRVNHYLDKHQNL O|WLHWRMD VDD OXRYXWWDD UHNLVWHULVWl PXLOOH NXLQ YLUDQRPDLVLOOH 7lPl SllW|V YRL HQVLPPlLVHQ NHUUDQ ROODYRLPDVVDHQLQWllQYLLVLYXRWWD 5D MRLWXNVHQYRLPDVVDRORDYRLGDDQMDWNDDNDKGHNVL YXRGHNVLNHUUDOODDQ

6LLUUHWWlHVVl †Q PRPHQWLQ NRKGDVVD WDUNRLWHWWX YlHVW|WLHWRMlUMHVWHOPllQ WDOOHWHWWX OXRYXWXVUDMRLWXV UHNLVWHULLQ OXRYXWXVUDMRLWXV WX OHH ODDMHQWDD YDVWDDPDDQ PRPHQWLVVD WDUNRL WHWWXMDWLHWRMD

+HQNLO|Q QLPHQ VDD PRPHQWLVVD WDUNRLWH WXLVVD WDSDXNVLVVD OXRYXWWDD VRSLPXVUHNLVWHU|L MlOOHNXOMHWWDMDQWXWNLQQRQYDVWDDQRWWDMDOOHMDOLL NHQQHYDNXXWXVNHVNXNVHOOH ODLVVD VllGHWW\MHQ WHKWlYLHQKRLWDPLVWDYDUWHQ/XRYXWXNVHQVDDMDO OH RQ LOPRLWHWWDYD OXRYXWXVUDMRLWXNVHVWD NXQ OXRYXWXVUDMRLWXNVHQ DODLQHQ WLHWR OXRYXWHWDDQ VHNl LOPRLWHWWDYD WLHWRMHQ Nl\WW|l MD VXRMDXVWD NRVNHYDWUDMRLWXNVHW

OXNX (ULQlLVHWVllQQ|NVHW

† 0DNVXW

$MRQHXYROLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULQ WLHWRSDOYHOXLVWD SHULWllQ PDNVXW YDOWLRQ PDNVXSHUXVWHODLVVD VllGHWW\MHQSHUXVWHLGHQPXNDDQ

(8)

†

5DQJDLVWXVVllQQ|NVHW

5DQJDLVWXV†VVlVllGHW\QVDODVVDSLWRYHO YROOLVXXGHQ ULNNRPLVHVWD WXRPLWDDQ ULNRVODLQ OXYXQ WDL †Q PXNDDQ MROOHL WHNRROHUDQJDLVWDYDULNRVODLQOXYXQ†QPX NDDQWDLVLLWlPXXDOODODLVVDVllGHWlDQNDUDPSDD UDQJDLVWXVWD

5DQJDLVWXV UHNLVWHULLQ NRKGLVWXYDVWD WLHWR PXUURVWDVllGHWllQULNRVODLQOXYXQ†VVlMD UHNLVWHULLQ NRKGLVWXYDVWD KHQNLO|UHNLVWHULULNRN VHVWDPDLQLWXQOXYXQ†VVlVHNlKHQNLO|UHNLVWH ULULNNRPXNVHVWD KHQNLO|WLHWRODLQ †Q PR PHQWLVVD

† 9DOWXXVVllQQ|V

7DUNHPPDW VllQQ|NVHW WlPlQ ODLQ Wl\WlQ W||QSDQRVWD DQQHWDDQ YDOWLRQHXYRVWRQ DVHWXN VHOOD/LVlNVLYDOWLRQHXYRVWRQDVHWXNVHOODVllGH WllQUHNLVWHULQWLHWRMDNlVLWWHOHYLHQYHOYROOLVXX GHVWDLOPRLWWDDUHNLVWHULQWLHGRLVVDKDYDLWVHPLV WDDQSXXWWHLVWDUHNLVWHULQSLWlMlOOH

OXNX

9RLPDDQWXORMDVLLUW\PlVllQQ|NVHW

† 9RLPDDQWXOR

7lPl ODNL WXOHH YRLPDDQ SlLYlQl WDPPL NXXWD /DLQ †Q PRPHQWWLD †ll

†QPRPHQWLQNRKWDDMD†llVRYHOOH WDDQNXLWHQNLQSlLYlVWlWDPPLNXXWD

7lOOlODLOODNXPRWDDQWLHOLLNHQWHHQWLHWRMlUMHV WHOPlVWlSlLYlQlV\\VNXXWDDQQHWWXODNL VLLKHQP\|KHPPLQWHKW\LQHPXXWRN VLQHHQOXNXXQRWWDPDWWD†QPRPHQWWLDVHNl DMD†llMRWNDNXPRWDDQSlLYlVWlWDPPL NXXWD

(QQHQWlPlQODLQYRLPDDQWXORDYRLGDDQU\K W\lODLQWl\WlQW||QSDQRQHGHOO\WWlPLLQWRLPLLQ

† 6LLUW\PlVllQQ|NVHW

.XQ†QVRYHOWDPLQHQDONDDWLHOLLNHQWHHQ WLHWRMlUMHVWHOPlVWlDQQHWXQODLQ†QPRPHQ WLQQRMDOODWLHWRMlUMHVWHOPllQWDOOHWHWXWOXRYXWXV UDMRLWXNVHW ODDMHQHYDW NRVNHPDDQ RVRLWHSDOYH OXDMDODLQ†QPRPHQWLQQRMDOODWLHWRMlUMHV WHOPllQWDOOHWHWXWOXRYXWXVUDMRLWXNVHWPXXWWXYDW WlPlQODLQ†QPRPHQWLQPXNDLVLNVL

-RV PXXVVD ODLQVllGlQQ|VVl YLLWDWDDQ WLHOLL NHQWHHQ WLHWRMlUMHVWHOPlVWl DQQHWWXXQ ODNLLQ WDL VHQ VllQQ|NVLLQ YLLWWDXNVHQ RQ NDWVRWWDYD WDU NRLWWDYDQWlWlODNLDWDLVHQYDVWDDYLDVllQQ|NVLl -RV PXXVVD ODLQVllGlQQ|VVl YLLWDWDDQ WLHOLL NHQWHHQWLHWRMlUMHVWHOPllQWDLVHQUHNLVWHUHLKLQ YLLWWDXNVHQRQNDWVRWWDYDWDUNRLWWDYDQDMRQHXYR OLLNHQQHUHNLVWHULl

7lPlQODLQYRLPDDQWXOOHVVDYRLPDVVDROHYDW OXYDWWLHOLLNHQWHHQWLHWRMlUMHVWHOPlQWLHWRMHQNl\

W|VWlRYDWYRLPDVVDYXRGHQORSSXXQVDDN ND 1lLKLQ OXSLLQ VRYHOOHWDDQ WlPlQ ODLQ YRL PDDQWXOOHVVDYRLPDVVDROHYLDVllQQ|NVLl

5HNLVWHULQSLWlMlQ RQ VDDWHWWDYD DMRQHXYROLL NHQQHUHNLVWHUL WlPlQ ODLQ PXNDLVHNVL YXRGHQ ORSSXXQPHQQHVVl

+HOVLQJLVVlSlLYlQlWDPPLNXXWD

Viittaukset

LIITTYVÄT TIEDOSTOT

Nrvnd mrxnrvvd yrl rood vhnç srvlwllylvld hwwç qhjdwllylvld rvld pxwwd vhq plwwd yrl rood vlowl qrood/ qllq rq v||wç pççulwhooç nrnrqdlvkhlodkwhox1 Wçooç yrlpph mrvnxv

Todista teht¨ aviss¨ a 1–8 v¨ aite oikeaksi tai v¨ a¨ ar¨ aksi.. Seuraava p¨ a¨ attely

$LHPPDQ WXWNLPXNVHQ SRKMDOWD ROL P\|V ROHWHWWDYDD HWWl MROOHNLQ LQVWLWXXWLRO OH YRL PXRWRXWXD PRQRSROLQHQ DVHPD MRVVDNLQ SROLWLLNDQ DVLDNRNRQDLVXXGHVVD 0XRGRVWLQ DLHPSLHQ

.RNRDYDVWL YRLGDDQ WRGHWD HWWl RSSLODLGHQ VRVLDDOLVHW VXKWHHW NRXOXVVD YRL GDDQMlVHQWllYHUWDLV\VWlY\\VWDLNRQÀLNWLVXKWHLNVL6RVLDDOLVLOOHVXKWHLOOHRQ W\\SLOOLVWl QLLGHQ KHWNHOOLV\\V

Osoita, että heidän joukostaan löytyy aina kolme, jotka kaikki tuntevat toisensa, tai kolme, joista ketkään kaksi eivät tunne

Tässä vasemman puolen jokaisen termin voi jakaa kolmeen yhtä suureen osaan, ja soveltaa kolmen muuttujan aritmeettis-geometrista epäyhtälöä sopiviin kolmaso- sien kolmikoihin..

(ssk) Jos kolmioissa on kaksi paria yhtä pitkiä sivuja ja niistä toisen vastaiset kulmat ovat yhtä suuret, niin joko.. kolmiot joko ovat

Piipsjärveen tulevan veden, järven päällysveden ja padon alapuolisen jokiveden keskimääräinen happipitoisuus sekä järven päällysveden ja ala—.. puolisen