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Figure 8. The variation of the C:N ratio in the wastewater treatment plant discharge into the wetland as well as in the wetland outlet.

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Table 4. Total nutrient retention (%) in the study II. Minus indicates that more of the compound in question is being produced in the wetland than it receives from the wastewater treatment plant.

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Figure 9. Average change in NH4+-N concentration between Lammi CW outlet and inlet (II).

Negative change indicates NH4+-N retention, positive change NH4+-N release. Ice-cover periods marked with grey areas.

Figure 10. Temperature (line) and oxygen saturation (columns) in the WWTP wetland discharge between 25 March 2015 and 15 March 2017. Ice-cover periods are indicated with gray areas (II).

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Table 5. Average total nitrogen retention rates in constructed wetlands treating agricultural or municipal wastewaters in cold climate.

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MONITORING NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS WITH