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Mitä autismin kirjon opiskelijat oppivat valmentavassa koulutuksessa

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(1)

Helsinki 2006

INVALIDISÄÄTIÖ • INVALID FOUNDATION

Tieteellinen tutkimus ORTONin julkaisusarja Publications of the ORTON Research Institute

MITÄ AUTISMIN KIRJON OPISKELIJAT OPPIVAT VALMENTAVASSA KOULUTUKSESSA?

Anu Raudasoja

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