¿HACIA UNA MAYOR APERTURA CULTURAL? Un análisis de la
cobertura de artículos sobre música en la prensa de referencia de cinco países europeos (1960-2010)
TOWARDS A WIDER CULTURAL OPENING? An Analysis on the Coverage of Articles on Music in Elite Newspapers of Five European Countries (1960-2010)
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vol. 76 (2), e092, abril-junio, 2018, ISSN-L:0034-9712 https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2018.76.2.16.136
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El peso de la música en la prensa cultural 8QDGHODVSULPHUDVFXHVWLRQHVTXHGHEHPRVUH VDOWDUHVHOSHVRTXHODP~VLFDWLHQHHQODVVHFFLR QHVFXOWXUDOHVGHODSUHQVDHVFULWD6LDQDOL]DPRVORV GDWRVUHFRJLGRVHQQXHVWUDLQYHVWLJDFLyQVHSXHGH REVHUYDUTXHODHYROXFLyQGHORVDUWtFXORVVREUHP~
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Distribución de los artículos sobre música en la prensa cultural, por año (porcentaje)
Tabla II.
Áreas culturales más importantes en la prensa cultural, por periódico (porcentaje)
)XHQWHHODERUDFLyQSURSLDVREUHGDWRVGHOSUR\HFWR&8',*(
1SRUYDORUHVSHUGLGRVHQHODQiOLVLV
)XHQWHHODERUDFLyQSURSLDVREUHGDWRVGHOSUR\HFWR&8',*(
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Total
0~VLFDLQFOX\HQGRópera
/LWHUDWXUD
&LQH
7HDWUR
7HOHYLVLyQ
$UWHVYLVXDOHV
2WUDVáreasFXOWXUDOHV Total
(N)
ABC/EP DN GU HS LM Total
0~VLFDLQFOópera
/LWHUDWXUD
&LQH
7HDWUR
7HOHYLVLyQ
$UWHVYLVXDOHV
2WUDVáreasFXOWXUDOHV
Total
(N)
XQFXDUWRGHVXVDUWtFXORVDODP~VLFDGHVWDFDQGR HOKHFKRGHTXHORKDKHFKRGHIRUPDHVWDEOHGHVGH 0LHQWUDVLe Monde KD GHGLFDGR WUDGLFLRQDO PHQWHXQSRUFHQWDMHPHQRUGHVXVFRQWHQLGRVDOD P~VLFD\DVXYH]HQ(VSDxDVHKDSDVDGRGHXQ SRUFHQWDMHPX\UHGXFLGRHQORVQ~PHURVGHGH ABCDXQDDXWpQWLFDH[SORVLyQHQOD~OWLPDGpFDGD GHEl País6REUHHVWRVGDWRVHVGLItFLOHVWDEOHFHUXQD LQWHUSUHWDFLyQTXHYD\DPiVDOOiGHPHUDVFRQMHWX UDVORFLHUWRHVTXHODP~VLFDQRSDUHFHKDEHUJR ]DGRGHOPLVPRIDYRUHQODSUHQVDHXURSHDVLHQGR OODPDWLYRHOIXHUWHFRQWUDVWHHQWUHORVFDVRVEULWiQLFR
\IUDQFpV\ODHVWDEOH\QRWDEOHSUHVHQFLDKLVWyULFD GHDUWtFXORVFXOWXUDOHVVREUHP~VLFDHQORVSHULyGL FRVGHOQRUWHGH(XURSDIUHQWHDODWHQGHQFLDPiV RPHQRVFUHFLHQWHTXHVHH[SHULPHQWDHQ(VSDxD
La evolución de los géneros musicales 7UDVHVWRVGDWRVDKRUDYDPRVDGHGLFDUQXHVWUD DWHQFLyQDHVFXGULxDUHOWUDWDPLHQWRGHORVGLIHUHQWHV JpQHURVPXVLFDOHVHQODSUHQVDFXOWXUDO\VXHYROX FLyQDORODUJRGHOWLHPSR(QODWDEOD,9VHPXHVWUD FyPRVHKDQGLVWULEXLGRORVJpQHURVPXVLFDOHVHQODV QRWLFLDVGHSUHQVDFXOWXUDODORODUJRGHODVGpFDGDV
&RPR VH SXHGH REVHUYDU OD P~VLFD KD VLGR HO iUHDPiVUHOHYDQWHHQORVSHULyGLFRVGHORVSDtVHV QyUGLFRV\HQThe Guardian6LQHPEDUJRHQHOFDVR HVSDxROODOLWHUDWXUDHVHOiUHDFXOWXUDOTXHKDUHFL ELGRPiVFREHUWXUDSHULRGtVWLFD\HQLe MondeQL VLTXLHUDDOFDQ]DDVHUHOVHJXQGRiUHDVLHQGRVXSH UDGDQRVRODPHQWHSRUODOLWHUDWXUDVLQRWDPELpQSRU HOFLQH6LREVHUYDPRVODHYROXFLyQGHODFREHUWXUD GHQRWLFLDVPXVLFDOHVDORODUJRGHODVGpFDGDVSHULy GLFRSRUSHULyGLFRDORODUJRGHOWLHPSRTXHUHFRJH PRVHQODWDEOD,,,WDPELpQREVHUYDPRVWUD\HFWRULDV ELHQGLIHUHQFLDGDVHQORVGLIHUHQWHVGLDULRV
&RPRVHSXHGHFRPSUREDUHQODWDEOD,,,QRWRGRV ORVSHULyGLFRVKDQLQFOXLGRHOPLVPRvolumen de co- bertura culturalQ~PHURGHDUWtFXORVGHGLFDGRVDOD FXOWXUDORVGLDULRVQyUGLFRV\ORVHVSDxROHVFXHQWDQ FRQXQPD\RUQ~PHURGHDUWtFXORVHQODVVHFFLRQHV FXOWXUDOHVPLHQWUDVThe Guardian\Le MondeLQFOX
\HQXQQ~PHURPHQRU(OSHVRTXHRFXSDODP~VLFD YDUtDPXFKRGHSHULyGLFRDSHULyGLFR$VtWDQWRHQ The GuardianFRPRHQHelsingin SanomatODP~VLFD KDVLGRFHQWUDOHQVXVFRQWHQLGRVHQHOURWDWLYREUL WiQLFRKDUHSUHVHQWDGRFDVLXQWHUFLRGHORVDUWtFXORV OOHJDQGRDDOFDQ]DUPiVGHOGHORVFRQWHQLGRV HQDagens NyheterKDGHGLFDGRWDPELpQFDVL
Tabla III.
Evolución de los artículos sobre música en la prensa cultural, por año y por periódico (porcentaje)
Tabla IV.
Distribución de los géneros musicales en las noticias de prensa cultural, por año (porcentaje)
)XHQWHHODERUDFLyQSURSLDVREUHGDWRVGHOSUR\HFWR&8',*(
)XHQWHHODERUDFLyQSURSLDVREUHGDWRVGHOSUR\HFWR&8',*(
ABC/EP DN GU HS LM Total
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Total
(N)
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Total
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5DS
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Total (N)
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Figura 1.
Distribución de la cobertura de música clásica y pop- rock a lo largo del período 1960-2010 (porcentajes)
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Figura 2.
Porcentaje de artículos dedicados a la música clásica (incluyendo ópera) en relación al total de artículos
sobre música
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Internacionalización e industria musical )LQDOPHQWH \ SDUD FRQFOXLU QRV FHQWUDUHPRV HQ HO DQiOLVLV GH RWURV GRV HOHPHQWRV GH JUDQ LQWHUpV (Q SULPHU OXJDU YDPRV D DQDOL]DU HO RULJHQ GH ORV DUWLVWDV\REUDVGHDUWHTXHYDQDGLVFXWLUVHHQODV SiJLQDVGHHVWDVVHFFLRQHVFXOWXUDOHVFRQHO¿QGH DQDOL]DU VL DVLVWLPRV D XQ PD\RU FRVPRSROLWLVPR \ DSHUWXUD HQODFREHUWXUDGHODVQRWLFLDV
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Figura 3.
Porcentaje de artículos dedicados a música popular en relación al total de artículos sobre música
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Tabla V.
Artículos centrados en el género musical pop-rock por año, periódico y otras variables independientes (razones de probabilidades y estadísticos Wald del análisis de regresión logística)
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Sin ajustar Modelo 1 Modelo 2 Modelo 3
Década (Wald) 287,07*** 296,39*** 48,26*** 21,57***
Periódico (Wald) 109,53*** 128,75*** 42,61*** 34,76***
$%&(3UHI
'1
*8
+6
LM
Década x Periódico (Wald) 11,41* 6,21
Década [$%&(3UHI
Década ['1
Década [*8
Década [+6
Década [/0
Número de páginas culturales (Wald) 188,63*** 1,84
±UHI
±
±
RUPRUH
Suplementos (Wald) 190,30*** 38,64***
1RVXSOHPHQWRUHI
6XSOHPHQWR
Tamaño del artículo (Wald) 33,18*** 2,51
0HQRVGHóGHODSiJLQDUHI 0iVGHóQROOHJDDSiJFRPSOHWD
3iJLQDFRPSOHWDRPiV
Tipo de artículo (Wald) 7,32** 0,26
2WURUHI
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Constante 0,10*** 0,10*** 0,13***
&DPELRȤðGHOPRGHOR *** * ***
&DPELRSVHXGR5ðGH1DJHONHUNH 0,23 0,00 0,03
1 SSS
Tabla VI.
El origen del artista en todos los artículos dedicados a la música
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1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Total
Local
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Total (N)
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Figura 4.
Artículos centrados en interpretaciones en directo (live), por año y por periódico (porcentajes)
Figura 5.
Porcentaje de artículos centrados en diferentes forma- tos de grabaciones (recording), por año y por periódico
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