• Ei tuloksia

Based on the reference vessel, some SRtP system concepts could be updated. Further-more, the concepts require modularity as each ship is different with different require-ments and build. Yet, each system should fulfill requirerequire-ments set by the regulations. The analysis showed that propulsion-, fuel oil-, fire main-, sprinkler-, bilge- and flooding systems could be improved with new design concepts. These concepts could lower the costs and/or improve the usability of the system from operator’s point-of-view. Some

designs require the approval of Class, some the clearing up of future regulations. As the whole SRtP process evolves, the shipyard should try to stay one step ahead to be able to provide secure and cost-effective SRtP system designs.

7.4 Testing and support

Testing of SRtP related features is arranged well in Rauma shipyard. Most of the SRtP situations are managed with different cable and pipe routing which is proven without separate testing (during sale inspections). Each system and SRtP feature is tested during either quay or sea trial. However, testing should be improved by focusing more on why the feature is used instead of testing the feature itself. That is to say, the test should in-clude the actual testing of the action/feature but it should also prove that it enables wanted system/feature operability. This could include interconnected systems beyond SRtP scope.

Technical support is sufficiently provided during building phase and with warranty after delivery. However, support and training for systems and situations is not sufficient – both for the operators and for system designers. The system designers should be trained to fully understand the SRtP concept and the current interpretations. Main focus should be shifted from system oriented approach to system of systems based thinking.

For this, internal training is needed. Also, training for the operators should be provided:

First, by distributing the theoretical information through a contact person. Second, pro-viding system and scenario based training for the operators. This would secure the safe use of each system, as well as the personnel being part of the ship’s larger emergency capability. Also, this would add the shipyards knowhow on how personnel want and must use certain systems/features in different emergency scenarios.

REFERENCES

[1] Delivery specification NB-1367, Part 1. Rauma 2011, STX Finland AS. 52 p.

[2] Delivery specification NB-1367, Part 9. Rauma 2011, STX Finland AS. 38 p.

[3] Stevens, R., Brook, P., Jackson, K., Arnold, S. Systems engineering: coping with complexity. London: Prentice-Hall Europe; Harlow: Pearson education 1998. 374 p.

[4] Sousa-Poza, A., Kovacic, S., Keating, C. System of systems engineering: an emerging multidiscipline. Int. J. System of Systems Engineering, Vol. 1 (2008), Nos 1/2, pp. 1-17.

[5] Keating, C. Research foundations for system of systems engineering. Proceed-ings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Wai-koloa, Hawaii, 2005.

[6] International Maritime Organization. SOLAS consolidated edition 2009. Fifth edition. Reading 2009, CPI Books Limited. 420 p.

[7] International Maritime Organization. SOLAS 2006 amendments. Beccles, Suf-folk 2007, William Clowes Limited. 89 p.

[8] The Maritime Safety Committee. Resolution MSC.216(82), annex 2, Adoption of amendments to the International Convention of Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended. London, 8 December 2006.

[9] STX Finland AS. A-class boundaries and origin of fire cases – Spirit of Britain.

Rauma, 12 September 2008. Basic design diagram. 3 p.

[10] The Maritime Safety Committee. Circular MSC.1/Circ.1369, Interim explanato-ry notes for the assessment of passenger ship systems’ capabilities after a fire or flooding casualty. London, 22 June 2010.

[11] Todd, Vincent L. Chief Engineer Officer and Owners Inspector – Spirit of Brit-ain, P&O Ferries Ltd. Rauma. Interview 13.06.2011.

[12] RoPax Ferry NB-1367, Documentation for Safe Return to Port, Part A2, Section 03. Rauma 2011, STX Finland AS. 5 p.

[13] Bailey, D., Wright, E. Practical SCADA for industry. Oxford, Elsevier Ltd. 288 p.

[14] Saarnio, H. System Coordinator - Automation electrical Design, STX Finland AS. Rauma. Interview 22.02.2011.

[15] RoPax Ferry NB-1367, Documentation for Safe Return to Port, Appendix 6, Table 62. Rauma 2011, STX Finland AS. 10 p.

[16] RoPax Ferry NB-1367, Documentation for Safe Return to Port, Appendix 7, Sections 01-22. Rauma 2011, STX Finland AS. 87 p.

[17] Lehtonen, P. Project Coordinator - Electrical Design, STX Finland AS. Rauma.

Interview 13.06.2011.

[18] Bakker, T. Project Coordinator – Machinery Design, STX Finland AS. Rauma.

Interview 13.06.2011.

[19] STX Finland AS. Machinery Arrangement – Spirit of Britain. Rauma, 12 Sep-tember 2008. Basic design diagram. 1 p.

[20] Huovinen, M. 2010. Large-scale Monitoring Applications in Process Industry.

Doctoral dissertation. Tampere. Tampere University of Technology. Publication 867. 119 p.

[21] ISO/IEC DTR 8802-1. Information technology – Telecommunications and in-formation exchange between systems – Local and Metropolitan area networks - Technical reports and Guidelines. Third Edition, 1999. International Organiza-tion for StandardizaOrganiza-tion, InternaOrganiza-tional Electrotechnical Committee. 14 p.

[22] Khedo, K. Requirements for Next Generation Middleware Implementation. Pro-ceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global In-formation Technology, Bucharest, Romania, August 1-3, 2006. [WWW], March 12, 2007. pp. 53-61 [Accessed: April 25, 2011] Available:

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4124072&tag=1

[23] Kenyon, T. High-Performance Data Network Design. Woburn MA 2002, But-terworth-Heinemann. 597 p.

[24] Marine Environment Protection Committee. Report of the Marine Environment Protection Committee on its fifty-seventh session. Annex 5 – Regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships. London, 11 April 2008.

[25] Wärtsilä Corporation. General description of Wärtsilä scrubber system. 9 Sep-tember 2009. Unpublished presentation. 12 p.

[26] International Maritime Organization. International Code for Fire Safety Systems.

Second edition. Beccles, Suffolk 2007, William Clowes Ltd. 365 p.

[27] Sub-Committee on Stability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels Safety. SLF 51/3/1, Development of explanatory notes for harmonized SOLAS chapter II-1.

London, 10 April 2008.

APPENDICES:

APPENDIX 1: Figure 1.1. IAS basic design diagram APPENDIX 2: Figure 2.2. SRtP process flowchart APPENDIX 3: Figure 3.2. Fuel oil system

APPENDIX 4: Figure 3.3. Fire main system

APPENDIX 5: Figure 3.4. Principle of sprinkler system

APPENDIX 6: Figure 3.5. Principle of gravity WC sea water flushing system APPENDIX 7: Figure 3.6. Electric power distribution network

APPENDIX 8: Figure 6.3. Pneumatic control for main engine room fire damper

I/O CAB 231I/O CAB 2411 I/O CAB 1411I/O CAB 141I/O CAB 142

I/O CAB

FACE CAB 2SYSTEM / INTER- SYSTEM / INTERFACE CAB 1

Figure 2.2. Assessment of passenger ship systems’ capabilities process flowchart [9].