4. MIDDLEWARE APPROACH TOWARDS SENSOR MONITORING SERVICE
5.3 Implementing Web Services for Sensor Information
The Web Services are programmed under PHP using NuSOAP [68] which is set of classes to develop and consume Web Service in SOAP and WSDL. The defined web services performs parameter value requested from mobile client, each parameter value runs select query on database table according to requested sensor from client mobile interface. Figure 25 shows the message sequence chart (MSC) of mobile client and web services. The client initiate connection to the web server as shown in Figure 25, after successful connection screen two on mobile interface allows user to select the sensor nodes to view its information by sending parameter value for example ‘a’ for sensor 1.
The web service connects to database and runs the query for specific sensor, and return sensor data result to the web service. Final stage of messaging is the web service returns the sensor information to mobile client in XML/SOAP format. Figure 29 and 30 gives the overview how the result display on mobile client interfaces.
Figure 25. MSC between Mobile client and web services 5.4 Client Interfaces Web based & Mobile based
The interfaces for client to view sensor information are browser based and mobile phone based. The web based interface is where client can view all the information from sensor database through web browser. Browser based client can also view the generated graph of sensor information showing for example temperature changes in week or month on specific sensor. The web interface is developed with PHP are login screen page shown in Figure 26, view data page shown in Figure 27 and view graph page shown in Figure 28.
Figure 26. Login screen for sensor view
Figure 27. Sensor View Page
Figure 28. Sensor Graph View Page
Second interface is Mobile client in Windows Mobile (WM) which facilitates mobile client users. Mobile client can check only current status of provided sensor through his mobile phone as shown in Figure 29 and Figure 30. The programming language used for mobile interface and event actions is done in C#.
Figure 29. Mobile Initial Screen Figure 30. Sensor Info Screen
6. CONCLUSIONS
The primary objective of the thesis was to develop gateway monitoring application for infrastructure sensor networks. Real time monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks and its application has been studied. A feasible application has been developed which can fit from normal to average use of home or small scale area monitoring.
The overall topic of wireless sensor network has different level of research areas such as of MAC layer, nodes and protocol security, routing enhancement protocol to energy efficiency. The main focus in this thesis work was to develop monitoring application for wireless sensor network. Therefore sensor middlewares are reviewed based on different approaches such as Microsoft research project SenseWeb which acts like a common sensor data repository and application such as SensorMap that is build on top of it using the sensor data. In addition Open GIC Consortium (OGC) has been studied, which introduce Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) concept providing actually a set of specifications. These specifications include Sensor Markup Language, Observation &
Measurement, Sensor Collection Service, Sensor Planning Service and Web Notification Service to implement the Sensor Web. The Open Sensor Web Architecture (OSWA) extends the SWE and integrates the Sensor Web and grid computing by providing middleware support for Sensor Web. Also concept of Service Oriented Architecture approach is studied and used as key development method in thesis project work, which is useful method to describe and invoke services on heterogeneous platform using SOAP and XML standard.
The initial challenge in the project work was faced with setting up development environment for SunSPOT, although the technical documentation refer that Netbeans 6.0 can be configured in Linux for SunSPOT. The basestation doesn’t respond properly under Linux although it works better in Windows OS. Another challenge was faced in configuring the Crossbow Micaz sensor to store data in PostgreSQL 8.4. This problem was tackled by changing the configuration script of XMTS400 sensor board. Finally for selecting the web service framework after testing Apache Axis 2 and .Net Framework,
NuSOAP was chosen because it provides yet powerful and simple web service framework with easily deployed and development methods.
The developed application suits well for standard infrastructure sensor monitoring and applicable in the home or small scale of environment monitoring. In the work is used environmental sensors to measure temperature, light, humidity, accelerometer-degree and the developed system is excellent example of real time system and its monitoring. This thesis work can be further enhanced by creating common protocol for both Micaz and SunSPOT sensor networks, making possible to apply single basestation node for both sensor networks. Another enhancement could be a middleware test bed to integrate different or heterogeneous sensor data and provide common API for all sensors nodes.
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APPENDIX 1.
The code below shows the Gateway Application developed in by using J2SE for collecting sensor data and generating XML data.
/*
//drawgui();
JFrame fr= new JFrame("Communication Spot Free Range Sensor ");
status = new JTextArea();
+"Remote Sensor Reading"+"\n"+RawData);
* */
//changing the spot hardware address to store in database String nodea = "0014.4F01.0000.6D45";
String nodeb = "0014.4F01.0000.6A40";
/* splitted String RawData */
String readata = RawData;
String[] temp1; /* DataBase Connection and Insert */
System.out.println("Inserting values to Database");
Connection c= null;
c =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/task", "postgres", "b0331969");
Statement select = c.createStatement();
int update = select.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO spot_result" + "(nodeid,xaxis,yaxis,zaxis,temp,light)" +
" VALUES(\'" + temp1[0] + "\',\'" + temp1[1] +
"\',\'" +
temp1[2] +"\',\'" +temp1[3]+ "\',\'" +temp1[4]+
"\'," +temp1[5]+ ")");
// System.out.println("Querying insert Error"); //debugging /* Reset the stream */
System.out.println ("No route to " + dgreply.getAddress());
}
finally {
org.sunspotworld.spotdata testa = new org.sunspotworld.spotdata();
org.sunspotworld.crossbowdata testb = new org.sunspotworld.crossbowdata();
testa.run();
testb.run();
} //finally } }
//Class to run the Crossbow Mote Xserve Application //Or either run that application manually from cygwin /**
public static void startxserve() throws Exception{
String path = ("C://Crossbow/cygwin/cygwin.bat");
try {
Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
Process pr = rt.exec(path);
}
catch (Exception e){
System.out.println(e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();}
} **/
/**
* Start up the host application.
*
* @param args any command line arguments */
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, Exception {
SunSpotHostApplication app = new SunSpotHostApplication();
app.run();
}
}
//END//
// CLASS spotdata to generate XML result from database.
System.out.println("Generating SunSpot XML-DATA of Sensors...");
Statement select = c.createStatement();
String sqlxmlquery = "select xmlelement(name Sensor,xmlelement(name NodeId, c.nodeid),"+
"xmlelement(name Xaxis, c.xaxis),xmlelement(name Yaxis, c.yaxis),"+
"xmlelement(name Zaxis, c.zaxis),xmlelement(name Temp, c.temp),"+
"xmlelement(name Light, c.light),"+
"xmlelement(name Time, c.modtime)) from spot_result c where nodeid='0014.4F01.0000.6A40';";
ResultSet result1 = select.executeQuery(sqlxmlquery);
//Debugging System.out.println(result1);
while (result1.next()) {
String outputsunspot= result1.getString(1);
System.out.println(outputsunspot);
File spot1 = new File("C:/Documents and
Settings/Admin/Desktop/webdump/xml_sensor_result/spotresult1.xml");
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(spot1));
writer.write(outputsunspot);
writer.close();
} //while
String spotquery2 = "select xmlelement(name Sensor,xmlelement(name NodeId, c.nodeid),"+
"xmlelement(name Xaxis, c.xaxis),xmlelement(name Yaxis, c.yaxis),"+
"xmlelement(name Zaxis, c.zaxis),xmlelement(name Temp, c.temp),"+
"xmlelement(name Light, c.light),"+
"xmlelement(name Time, c.modtime)) from spot_result c where nodeid='0014.4F01.0000.6D45';";
ResultSet result2 = select.executeQuery(spotquery2);
//Debugging System.out.println(result1);
while (result2.next()) {
String outputsunspot2= result2.getString(1);
System.out.println(outputsunspot2);
File spot2 = new File("C:/Documents and
Settings/Admin/Desktop/webdump/xml_sensor_result/spotresult2.xml");
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(spot2));
writer.write(outputsunspot2);
writer.close();
} //while
}
finally { } //finally }
}
//CLASS crossbowdata to generate XML data from database.
public void run() throws Exception{
try {
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
System.out.println("Generating CrossBowXML-DATA of Sensors...");
Connection c= null;
c =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/task", "postgres", "b0331969");
Statement select = c.createStatement();
String crossbowquery1 = "select xmlelement(name Sensor,xmlelement(name NodeId, c.nodeid),"+
"xmlelement(name Xaxis, c.accel_x),xmlelement(name Yaxis, c.accel_y),"+
"xmlelement(name Humid, c.humid),"+
"xmlelement(name Temp, c.humtemp),"+
"xmlelement(name Time, c.result_time)) from mts400_results c where nodeid='1';";
ResultSet result1 = select.executeQuery(crossbowquery1);
//Debugging System.out.println(result1);
while (result1.next()) {
String outputcross1= result1.getString(1);
System.out.println(outputcross1);
File file1 = new File("C:/Documents and
Settings/Admin/Desktop/webdump/xml_sensor_result/crossbow_result1.xml")
;
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file1));
writer.write(outputcross1);
writer.close();
} //while
String crossbowquery2 = "select xmlelement(name Sensor,xmlelement(name NodeId, c.nodeid),"+
"xmlelement(name Xaxis, c.accel_x),xmlelement(name Yaxis, c.accel_y),"+
"xmlelement(name Humid, c.humid),"+
"xmlelement(name Temp, c.humtemp),"+
"xmlelement(name Time, c.result_time)) from mts400_results c where nodeid='2';";
ResultSet result2 = select.executeQuery(crossbowquery2);
while (result2.next()) {
String outputcross2= result2.getString(1);
System.out.println(outputcross2);
File file2 = new File("C:/Documents and
Settings/Admin/Desktop/webdump/xml_sensor_result/crossbow_result2.xml")
;
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file2));
writer.write(outputcross2);
writer.close();
} //while }
finally { } //finally }
}
APPENDIX. 2
Below code shows the web service developed in NuSOAP by using PHP.
<?php
//call library
require ("C:/php/nusoap/lib/nusoap.php");
// Instantiate a new soap server object
$server = new soap_server();
//Initiate WSDL Configuration
$server->configureWSDL('Sensorinfo','http://localhost/webservices');
//Desigate the WSDL namespace
$server->wsdl->schemaTargerNamespace = 'urn:Sensorinfo'; //
'http://localhost/Webservices'
// Function: getNodedata() // Inputs: None
// Outputs: A string containing information about a nodeid, // its temperature, and date.
$query = "SELECT * FROM spot_result WHERE nodeid='0014.4F01.0000.6A40' ORDER BY modtime DESC LIMIT 1";
$result = pg_query($query);
if (!$result) {
return new soap_fault('Server', '', 'Internal server error.');
}
$row = pg_fetch_array($result);
// Retrieve, assemble, and return the data
$query = "SELECT * FROM spot_result WHERE nodeid='0014.4F01.0000.6D45' ORDER BY modtime DESC LIMIT 1";
$result = pg_query($query);
if (!$result) {
return new soap_fault('Server', '', 'Internal server error.');
}
$row = pg_fetch_array($result);
// Retrieve, assemble, and return the data
$nodeid = $row["nodeid"];
$query = "SELECT * FROM mts400_results WHERE nodeid='1' ORDER BY result_time DESC LIMIT 1";
$result = pg_query($query);
if (!$result) {
return new soap_fault('Server', '', 'Internal server error.');
}
$row = pg_fetch_array($result);
// Retrieve, assemble, and return the data
$nodeid = $row["nodeid"];
$query = "SELECT * FROM mts400_results WHERE nodeid='2' ORDER BY result_time DESC LIMIT 1";
$result = pg_query($query);
if (!$result) {
return new soap_fault('Server', '', 'Internal server error.');
}
$row = pg_fetch_array($result);
// Retrieve, assemble, and return the data
$nodeid = $row["nodeid"];
}
// Register the getNodeData() method
$server->register("getNodedata", array('input' => 'xsd:string'), array('return' => 'xsd:string'), 'urn:Sensorinfo',
'urn:Sensorinfo#getNodedata' //,'rpc',
//'encoded','Return data to mobile client' );
// Automatically execute any incoming request
$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA = isset($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA) ? $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA:
'';
$server->service($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA);
?>