wellbeing
The most effective interventions are probably structural changes to improve access to education and employment for young people and to reduce the risk of transport-related injury. Other crucial aspects are ensuring participation of young people in policy and service development, and building capacity in personnel and data systems in adolescent health. (Viner et al. 2012.)
This review found significant evidence to suggest that greater time spent in online chat was associated with increased feelings of loneliness post social exclusion.
Social networking sites were not found to facilitate strong bonds between individuals, but rather complement to face-to-face interaction. Social networking sites do potentially provide powerful networking tools that individuals can turn to in times of need.
(Earl 2011, 449.)
In the age of the internet, social media genders, such as blogs, social networking sites and forums, have become a popular venue for people to gather, emerging a new form of social capital - digital social capital (Nguyen et al. 2013, 449). This concept has attracted considerable attention, such investigations into impact of the new media for the production of social capital.
The link between the use of the internet and social capital has also been explored. Wellman et al. (2001) found that internet could help to increase two forms of social capital; network capital and participatory capital. Shah, Kwak
and Holbert (2001, 450) found that an overall internet use was positively related to social capital, in terms of civic engagement and interpersonal trust.
Especially asynchronous online communication, including e-mail and discussion groups, developed social support among cancer patients, resulting in positive health outcomes.
McKenzie and Harpham (2006, 17) say that socially excluded groups such as those suffering from mental illness may link with each other through support groups, which are increasingly based on telephone lines and the internet.
Social media provides rich sources of personal information and community interaction which can be linked to the aspect of mental health. The significance of online social capital is that it offers construction of automatic health care monitoring system, specially to monitor online mental well-being. (Nguyen et al.
2013, 449.)
In the book Youth and Social Capital (Helve & Bynner 2007, 200–201) the use of media (especially ICT) offers opportunities for identity work and experimentation that were unknown to previous generations. Thus the internet, whether through chat rooms or formal structures such as Wikipedia, supplies the means of extending friendship patterns and forms of bonding outside immediate geographical locations and into virtual world as well. The social capital ´trust´ comes into the picture.
Self-esteem and psychological well-being are the two most common outcomes of interest in prior internet and SNS studies (Ahn 2011,1441). Valkenburg, Peter and Schouten (2006) find that within a sample of over 800 Dutch adolescents, SNS use is related to
self-esteem and psychological well-being.
Adolescents who frequently use an SNS have more friends on the site and also more reactions on their profile (i.e., friends posted more comments and wall posts) (Ahn 2011, 1441). In addition, the researchers report that having more positive reactions on one’s SNS profile is correlated with higher self-esteem, and higher selfesteem is significantly correlated with satisfaction with life. The results highlight the emerging sense that the use of SNS itself does not cause feelings of well-being. Rather, the positive or negative reactions that youth experience within the site are a key mechanism for their social development.
Instead, they join because their friends are already members and have invited them to participate. The internet is no longer isolating, but connecting people.
Self-disclosure also plays a large role in SNS effects on well-being. Specifically, researchers posit that when youth disclose and express more information about themselves the quality of their relationships improves. These positive interactions lead to an improved self-esteem and psychological well-being.
(Valkenburg & Peter 2009a; 2009b; Ahn 2011, 1441–1442.)
Psychosocial health and positive mental health are clearly connected to our sociocultural enviroment
Social system influence to health in adolescence. Social capilal includes according to Putnam (1993) e.g. community networks, trust participation and use of civic networks, identity-sense of belonging, trust in community. Social capital is strongly linked to subjective wellbeing. (Helliwell & Putnam 2004) The amount of social capital is positively related to the level of health (Bolin et al. 2003; Kawachi et al.1999). In addition McKenzie (2006, 11) argues that there are many researches, in which social capital and mental health have a connection. In high level of social capital areas there are lower sucide rates, lower all-cause mortalities and longer life expectancy.
`Who they are` (Helve & Bynner 2007) Identity capital represents attributes associated with sets of psychosocial skills that appear to be necessary for people to strategize and make decisions affecting their life courses. It is also how people define themselves and the others define them, in various contexts (Côte & Levine 2002).
Social media provides rich sources of personal and community interaction which can be linked to aspects of mental health. It creates a health care monitoring system, especially to monitor online mental well-being. In addition, the greater time spent in online chat was assosiated to increased feeling of lonliness.
Social networking sites were not found to facilitate strong bonds between individuals, but complement to face to face interaction
The use of internet could help to increase two forms of social capital, like network capital and participatory capital. Overall internet use was positively related to social capital, in terms of civic engagement and interpersonal trust. Those suffering from mental problems may link with each other through support groups.
Use of media offers opportunities to identity work and experimentations. Adolescents who frequently use SNS have more friends on the site and more reactions on their profile. Having more positive reactions on one`s profile is correlated to higher self-esteem, which correlates with higher satisfaction of life.
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This article presents the results of our long-term research of the Northern conditions influence on the schoolchildren’s health which was conducted by the staff of the Institute of NArFU Institute of Medical and Biological Research. It is established that the climate and the ecologic conditions of the European North contribute to the increase of physiological systems activity during reducing their functional reserves.
Therefore, a special responsibility in formation and maintaining of children’s health lies on educational institutions.
Interaction between health status and quality of education improvement is recognized by teachers and is presented in the organization of activities to strengthen child health in the school environment. The key to effective work with a child is the effort of various specialists in achieving positive results - doctors, teachers, psychologists, family active and social environment of a child.
Currently the using of telecommunication technologies in children’s wellbeing becomes particular important. In the European North population areas are far away from each other, children have
limited access to specialized care.
Therefore, using of different electronic systems (Internet, Teleconsulting, Telemedicine, etc.) in the North becomes particularly relevant. The article presents a model of remote consulting, functioning in the Arkhangelsk region of Russia.
Introduction
Accounting for 8.1% of the Russian Federation’s total area, the European North covers more than 1 million square kilometers. Its major area is taken up by Arkhangelsk Region (587.3 thousand sq.m). The climate of the European North can be described as cold, with violent fluctuations in atmospheric pressure;
excessive humidity; higher heliospace activity; sharp disturbance in photoperiodicity; large-scale and frequently occurring disturbances in ionosphere; variability in Earth’s magnetic field with its intensity increasing northwards. The area is also described by low mineralization of potable water, shortage of biologically Anatoly Gribanov, Artem Podoplekin, Mikhail Pankov & Jos Julia