Digitalisaatio taloteknisissä palveluissa
Innovaatioiden mahdollistaja
Markku J. Virtanen, Aalto Yliopisto
Background
• Over the coming decades, digital technologies are set to make energy systems around the world more connected, intelligent, efficient, reliable and sustainable.
• Stunning advances in data analytics and connectivity are enabling a range of new digital applications such as smart appliances and smart control of system performances.
• Digitalized energy systems in the future may be able to identify who
needs energy and deliver it at the right time, in the right place and
at the lowest cost.
Interoperability is s prerequisite for real smartness
Intelligent technologies for buildings are technologies that are intended to increase the service capability of the premises, to improve the use and maintenance of buildings and to improve the energy efficiency of buildings.
In addition, intelligent technologies should generate financial added value for both building owners, users of the premises, and multiple service providers on buildings and premises.
New IoT technologies offer opportunities for new services.
Background
Smart buildings and interoperability
Background
Increasing number service options
Background
Foreseen paradigm shift in business approaches
• Indicator is development by the European Commission to help recognize smarter building technologies and functionalities which enhance the energy efficiency and other relevant performance characteristics of the European building stock.
• Part of the new Energy performance of buildings directive
Background
Legislation – voluntary smart readiness indicator (SRI)
SRI as framework for creating new services
The SRI concept can be seen as a framework for developing new knowledge- intensive services even in a wider scope than it as at present. The emerging SRI indicator enables to identify more intelligent building technology solutions that improve energy efficiency, indoor air quality and technical performance of buildings or building stock. In the SRI concept, the "intellectual capability" of buildings is considered in three areas, all of which are value-added factors for property management:
1. Readiness to adapt to users, needs regarding indoor climate
2. Readiness to improve the use of the building and to ensure optimum operation of the building system
3. The ability to adapt to energy services produced outside the buildings.
• The SRI has defined 10 different domains in the building which are then each divided into different services within that domain
• The smartness of a building is assessed qualititavely by the services and their functionalities.
Specific technologies are not required to be described
• On-site inspection via a simple check-list approach
• Simple analytical tool to calculate the resulting scores
Smart readiness indicator (SRI)
Based on multicriteria assesment
Foreseen evolution of smartness assessment
Smart readiness indication (SRI)
Smartness
potential evaluation
Smartness realization evaluation
Qualitative assessment based
on quick on-site inspections
Quantitative performance analyses using detailed simulation
Quantitative impact analyses of smart services based on
measurements Creation and establishment of smart services
http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201806293792 http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201712187947 http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-8112-0
Examples of new services
Service to monitor and control the system performance
• The monitoring of the variable air volume ventilation system performance through Fidelix and Integral
• The monitoring of the water radiator heating system
through Fourdeg
• Counting the room occupancy with different technologies
• Collecting feedback from the users’ perception on the indoor climate.
Cloud
Aalto space - mobile application
Ventilation Heating/Smart
thermostats
Pressure difference measurements
New opportunities
Users were able to adjust the ventilation and temperature
Space heating:
Users can adjust set point of heating during the reservation
Electronic IoT thermostats are needed
Aalto Space mobile app for room reservations (iOS + Android)
Ventilation:
Users can override the settings of the automation system of Fidelix Oy during the reservations
User satisfaction?
“How satisfied are you with the indoor conditions of this room?”
0%
6%
9%
42% 42%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
1 2 3 4 5
Share of answers
Rating
User feedback
10.10.2018 14
• Demand response on the building level aids stabilization of the consumption profile in the district heating and
electricity grid.
• A stable consumption reduces peak demand and need for high cost peak power plants:
Less CO
2emissions
Financial savings for energy producer and consumer
Peak power plants
Cost and CO2intense peak-load plants cover energy demand Peak load limit
HEAT OR ELECTRIC LOAD
TIME
New opportunities
Demand response
10.10.2018
Analysis of demand response of district heating and ventilation in office
- Dynamic energy and indoor climate simulations of the 4thfloor of Otakaari 4:
OFFICES
OFFICES
- Cost saving potential by hourly price-based demand response control of:
A.Space heating B. Supply air temperature C. Supply airflow rate
Both individual and combined control
Demand response
Control strategy
- Dynamic energy price and control signal:
Normal heating
Reduce heating Load
heat
Price trend flat
Methods for space heating control
Manual thermostatic radiator valves (TRV):
A. Centralized control
Adjustment of radiator inlet water temperature
B. Decentralized control
Room air temperature
set-point adjustment (20-24.5°C)
Electronic TRV:s
Cost saving potential of heating
5.7% total annual cost saving
- Supply air temperature control:
0.4%annual heat cost saving
- Decentralized control of space heating:
5.2%annual heat cost saving
- Centralized control of space heating:
1.6%annual heat cost saving
- Centralized control of space heating+ supply air temperature control:
1.6% annual heat cost saving
+ +
